What is gravity?
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Gravity is a force to maintain the well balanced of the Universe
How did our universe get to be so homogenous, beautiful and special ? Gravity is the builders the balance of universe and all the celestial bodies
How did our planet and atmosphere get to be so regular ? The formation of Earth’s atmosphere was caused by Earth’s gravity. Earth’s gravity is the builders of Earth’s atmosphere. Planet’s gravity is the builders of planet’s atmosphere.(GSA)
How did our universe get to be so homogenous, beautiful and special ? Gravity is the builders the balance of universe and all the celestial bodies
How did our planet and atmosphere get to be so regular ? The formation of Earth’s atmosphere was caused by Earth’s gravity. Earth’s gravity is the builders of Earth’s atmosphere. Planet’s gravity is the builders of planet’s atmosphere.(GSA)
ARISTOTLE.
In the 4th century BC, the Greek philosopher Aristotle believed that there is no effect or motion without a cause. The cause of the downward motion of heavy bodies, such as the element earth, was related to their nature, which caused them to move downward toward the center of the universe, which was their natural place.
Conversely, light bodies such as the element fire, move by their nature upward toward the inner surface of the sphere of the Moon. Thus in Aristotle's system heavy bodies are not attracted to the earth by an external force of gravity, but tend toward the center of the universe because of an inner gravitas or heaviness.
BRAHMAGUPTA
Brahmagupta, the Indian astronomer and mathematician whose work influenced Arab mathematics in the 9th century, held the view that the earth was spherical and that it attracted objects. Al Hamdānī and Al Biruni quote Brahmagupta saying "Disregarding this, we say that the earth on all its sides is the same; all people on the earth stand upright, and all heavy things fall down to the earth by a law of nature, for it is the nature of the earth to attract and to keep things, as it is the nature of water to flow, that of fire to burn, and that of the wind to set in motion.
If a thing wants to go deeper down than the earth, let it try. The earth is the only low thing, and seeds always return to it, in whatever direction you may throw them away, and never rise upwards from the earth.
ISAAC NEWTON
During the 17th century, Galileo found that, counter to Aristotle's teachings, all objects accelerated equally when falling.
In the late 17th century, as a result of Robert Hooke's suggestion that there is a gravitational force which depends on the inverse suare of the distance. Isaac Newton was able to mathematically derive Kepler’s three kinematic laws of planetary motion including the eclliptical orbits for the six then known planets and the Moon:
"I deduced that the forces which keep the planets in their orbs must be reciprocally as the squares of their distances from the centres about which they revolve, and thereby compared the force requisite to keep the moon in her orb with the force of gravity at the surface of the earth and found them to answer pretty nearly."
— Isaac Newton, 1666
So Newton's original formula was:
where
the symbol
means "is proportional to"
.
To make this into an equal-sided formula or equation, there needed to be a multiplying factor or constant that would give the correct force of gravity no matter the value of the masses or distance between them. This gravitational contant was first measured in 1797 by Henry Cavendish.
ALBERT EINTEIN
In 1907 Albert Einstein, in what was described by him as "the happiest thought of my life", realized that an observer who is falling from the roof of a house experiences no gravitational field. In other words, gravitation was exactly equivalent to accelerations.. Between 1911 and 1915 this idea, initially stated as the Equivalence principle, was formally developed into Einstein's theory of general relativity.
- Einstein's theory of gravity - nothing about force, the behavior of objects, the planets, for example, not in terms attraction but simply in the terms of the paths they follow in a warped space
- The key idea of Einstein's theory of general relativity is that gravity is not an ordinary force, but rather a property of space-time geometry.
In Einstein's theory of general relativity, gravity
is a distortion of space-time. Particles still follow the straightest possible
paths in that space-time. But because space-time is now distorted, even on
those straightest paths, particles accelerate as if they were under the
influence of what Newton called the gravitational force. (einsteinonline).
UNTIL NOW,we use Isaac Newton's Gravity, so far
1.What is Gravity?
Gravity is the force that attracts two bodies toward
each other, the force that causes apples to fall toward the ground and the
planets to orbit the sun. The more massive an object is, the stronger its
gravitational pull.(livescience)
The force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth, or towards any other physical body having mass.(Oxford Dictionary).
Newton's law of universal gravitation
states that any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that
is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between them.
3.New Definition of Gravity:
Gravity is the force due to the effects of well balanced universe / mass balance.
New definition just another term for definition. All about gravity is the same with Newton's gravity, and the most important thing about gravity is force.
The universe demands balance. The Law of Compensation is that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. If the pendulum swings one way, it must always swing back the other way. If you will, for a moment, stop; and consider that these swings of rhythm are also evidenced in your life. Courage is preceded by fear. Happiness and sadness oscillate.
b.Gravity and Tides
The gravitational attraction between the Earth and the moon is strongest on the side of the Earth that happens to be facing the moon, simply because it is closer. This attraction causes the water on this “near side” of Earth to be pulled toward the moon. As gravitational force acts to draw the water closer to the moon, inertia attempts to keep the water in place. But the gravitational force exceeds it and the water is pulled toward the moon, causing a “bulge” of water on the near side toward the moon.
c.Gravity and Earthquake
The relation between plate tectonics and earthquake evolution is analyzed systematically on the basis of 1998–2010 absolute and relative gravity data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. Most earthquakes originated in the plate boundary or within the fault zone. Tectonic deformation was most intense and exhibited discontinuity within the tectonically active fault zone because of the differential movement; the stress accumulation produced an abrupt gravity change, which was further enhanced by the earthquake. The gravity data from mainland China since 2000 obviously reflected five major earthquakes (Ms > 7), all of which were better reflected than before 2000. Regional gravity anomalies and a gravity gradient change were observed in the area around the epicenter about 2 or 3 years before the earthquake occurred, suggesting that gravity change may be a seismic precursor. Furthermore, in this study, the medium-term predictions of the Ms7.3 Yutian, Ms8.0 Wenchuan, and Ms7.0 Lushan earthquakes are analytically presented and evaluated, especially to estimate location of earthquake.
d.Gravity Waves, gravity in fluid dinamics
In fluid dynamics, gravity waves are waves generated in a fluid medium or at the interface between two media when the force of gravity or buoyancy tries to restore equilibrium. An example of such an interface is that between the atmosphere and the ocean, which gives rise to wind waves.
When a fluid element is displaced on an interface or internally to a region with a different density, gravity will try to restore it toward equilibrium, resulting in an oscillation about the equilibrium state or wave orbit.[1] Gravity waves on an air–sea interface of the ocean are called surface gravity waves or surface waves, while gravity waves that are within the body of the water (such as between parts of different densities) are called internal waves. Wind-generated waves on the water surface are examples of gravity waves, as are tsunamis and ocean tides.
Wind-generated gravity waves on the free surface of the Earth's ponds, lakes, seas and oceans have a period of between 0.3 and 30 seconds (3 Hz to 0.03 Hz). Shorter waves are also affected by surface tension and are called gravity–capillary waves and (if hardly influenced by gravity) capillary waves. Alternatively, so-called infragravity waves, which are due to subharmonic nonlinear wave interaction with the wind waves, have periods longer than the accompanying wind-generated waves.
e.Gravity Waves can energize Tornados
Gravity waves are global events. Much like the ripples on a massive pond, these large-scale waves can propagate from an atmospheric disturbance over thousands of miles. These waves are maintained by the gravitational force of Earth pulling down and the buoyancy of the atmosphere pushing up. Until now it has been hard to link atmospheric gravity waves with other atmospheric phenomena, but new research suggests that gravity waves passing over storms can spin up highly dangerous and damaging tornados… Suddenly gravity waves become very important and may help to forecast where and when tornados may strike.
f.Gravity and Tsunami
A tsunami can be generated by any disturbance that displaces a large water mass from its equilibrium position. Submarine landslides, which often occur during a large earthquake, can also create a tsunami. During a submarine landslide, the equilibrium sea-level is altered by sediment moving along the sea-floor. Gravitational forces then propagate the tsunami given the initial perturbation of the sea-level.
g.Gravity and Katabatic wind
A katabatic wind, is the technical name for a drainage wind, a wind that carries high density air from a higher elevation down a slope under the force of gravity. Such winds are sometimes also called fall winds. Katabatic winds can rush down elevated slopes at hurricane speeds, but most are not as intense as that, and many are of the order of 10 knots (18 km/h) or less.
Not all downslope winds are katabatic. For instance, winds such as the föhn, chinook, and bergwind are rain shadow winds where air driven upslope on the windward side of a mountain range drops its moisture and descends leeward drier and warmer. Examples of true katabatic winds include the bora (or bura) in the Adriatic, the Bohemian Wind or Böhmwind in the Ore Mountains, the Santa Ana in southern California, and the oroshi in Japan. Another example is "the Barber", an enhanced katabatic wind that blows over the town of Greymouth in New Zealand when there is a southeast flow over the South Island. It is a wind that is known in the area for its coldness.
Gravity is the force due to the effects of well balanced universe / mass balance.
New definition just another term for definition. All about gravity is the same with Newton's gravity, and the most important thing about gravity is force.
4.Background ideas
There is no effect or motion without a cause (Aristotle). Gravity is an EFFECT, and the universe balance / the mass balance is the CAUSE.
Balance is the Fundamental Law of Universe
There is no effect or motion without a cause (Aristotle). Gravity is an EFFECT, and the universe balance / the mass balance is the CAUSE.
Balance is the Fundamental Law of Universe
5.The universe demands balance.
The universe demands balance. The Law of Compensation is that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. If the pendulum swings one way, it must always swing back the other way. If you will, for a moment, stop; and consider that these swings of rhythm are also evidenced in your life. Courage is preceded by fear. Happiness and sadness oscillate.
The ancients say, "The man who enjoys well can also be subject to great suffering. The man who feels little pain is capable of feeling but little joy."
Mentally, however, it is possible to escape the low end by rising above it. We are able to overcome the swing of the pendulum by making the vibrations higher and rising above the lower vibrations. In essence, we are raising the vibrations of the self above the ordinary plane of consciousness, and then simply "refusing" to allow the pendulum of emotion and mood to swing us back.
Even so, the Law of Compensation is operative. You will probably find that there is no such thing as an overnight success. One generally pays the price for what he wants to attain. The things that one pays a price for are always repaid.
Always remember that everything is subject to the principle of cause and effect. There is a cause for every effect, and vice versa. Regardless of a belief that says that there is no cause and effect, the principle is always operative.
6.Earth's Gravity
a.Gravity and Atmosphere
Gravity is what keeps a planet's gaseous atmosphere from spreading out into space away from the planet. If we compare the gravitational pull of each planet in our solar system we would find them to be different. This is because a planet's gravity is related to its mass. Usually the greater a planet's mass, the greater the gravitational pull.
a.Gravity and Atmosphere
Gravity is what keeps a planet's gaseous atmosphere from spreading out into space away from the planet. If we compare the gravitational pull of each planet in our solar system we would find them to be different. This is because a planet's gravity is related to its mass. Usually the greater a planet's mass, the greater the gravitational pull.
b.Gravity and Tides
The gravitational attraction between the Earth and the moon is strongest on the side of the Earth that happens to be facing the moon, simply because it is closer. This attraction causes the water on this “near side” of Earth to be pulled toward the moon. As gravitational force acts to draw the water closer to the moon, inertia attempts to keep the water in place. But the gravitational force exceeds it and the water is pulled toward the moon, causing a “bulge” of water on the near side toward the moon.
c.Gravity and Earthquake
The relation between plate tectonics and earthquake evolution is analyzed systematically on the basis of 1998–2010 absolute and relative gravity data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. Most earthquakes originated in the plate boundary or within the fault zone. Tectonic deformation was most intense and exhibited discontinuity within the tectonically active fault zone because of the differential movement; the stress accumulation produced an abrupt gravity change, which was further enhanced by the earthquake. The gravity data from mainland China since 2000 obviously reflected five major earthquakes (Ms > 7), all of which were better reflected than before 2000. Regional gravity anomalies and a gravity gradient change were observed in the area around the epicenter about 2 or 3 years before the earthquake occurred, suggesting that gravity change may be a seismic precursor. Furthermore, in this study, the medium-term predictions of the Ms7.3 Yutian, Ms8.0 Wenchuan, and Ms7.0 Lushan earthquakes are analytically presented and evaluated, especially to estimate location of earthquake.
d.Gravity Waves, gravity in fluid dinamics
In fluid dynamics, gravity waves are waves generated in a fluid medium or at the interface between two media when the force of gravity or buoyancy tries to restore equilibrium. An example of such an interface is that between the atmosphere and the ocean, which gives rise to wind waves.
When a fluid element is displaced on an interface or internally to a region with a different density, gravity will try to restore it toward equilibrium, resulting in an oscillation about the equilibrium state or wave orbit.[1] Gravity waves on an air–sea interface of the ocean are called surface gravity waves or surface waves, while gravity waves that are within the body of the water (such as between parts of different densities) are called internal waves. Wind-generated waves on the water surface are examples of gravity waves, as are tsunamis and ocean tides.
Wind-generated gravity waves on the free surface of the Earth's ponds, lakes, seas and oceans have a period of between 0.3 and 30 seconds (3 Hz to 0.03 Hz). Shorter waves are also affected by surface tension and are called gravity–capillary waves and (if hardly influenced by gravity) capillary waves. Alternatively, so-called infragravity waves, which are due to subharmonic nonlinear wave interaction with the wind waves, have periods longer than the accompanying wind-generated waves.
e.Gravity Waves can energize Tornados
Gravity waves are global events. Much like the ripples on a massive pond, these large-scale waves can propagate from an atmospheric disturbance over thousands of miles. These waves are maintained by the gravitational force of Earth pulling down and the buoyancy of the atmosphere pushing up. Until now it has been hard to link atmospheric gravity waves with other atmospheric phenomena, but new research suggests that gravity waves passing over storms can spin up highly dangerous and damaging tornados… Suddenly gravity waves become very important and may help to forecast where and when tornados may strike.
f.Gravity and Tsunami
A tsunami can be generated by any disturbance that displaces a large water mass from its equilibrium position. Submarine landslides, which often occur during a large earthquake, can also create a tsunami. During a submarine landslide, the equilibrium sea-level is altered by sediment moving along the sea-floor. Gravitational forces then propagate the tsunami given the initial perturbation of the sea-level.
g.Gravity and Katabatic wind
A katabatic wind, is the technical name for a drainage wind, a wind that carries high density air from a higher elevation down a slope under the force of gravity. Such winds are sometimes also called fall winds. Katabatic winds can rush down elevated slopes at hurricane speeds, but most are not as intense as that, and many are of the order of 10 knots (18 km/h) or less.
Not all downslope winds are katabatic. For instance, winds such as the föhn, chinook, and bergwind are rain shadow winds where air driven upslope on the windward side of a mountain range drops its moisture and descends leeward drier and warmer. Examples of true katabatic winds include the bora (or bura) in the Adriatic, the Bohemian Wind or Böhmwind in the Ore Mountains, the Santa Ana in southern California, and the oroshi in Japan. Another example is "the Barber", an enhanced katabatic wind that blows over the town of Greymouth in New Zealand when there is a southeast flow over the South Island. It is a wind that is known in the area for its coldness.
Gravity is the force to maintain the well balanced universe. Isaac Newton's theory has done it, but Albert Einstein's theory hasn't done anything to maintain the well balanced universe.
