The Gravity Probe B experiment was carried out in collaboration between Stanford University, NASA, Lockheed Martin and KACST.
On 4 May 2011, NASA announced the long-awaited results of Gravity Probe (GP-B), and a month later the results appeared in Phys. After more than 47 years and 750 million dollars, GP-B had succeeded in measuring the general relativistic geodetic and frame-dragging effects on orbiting gyroscopes. In this focus issue, CQG publishes a set of refereed papers that provide the complete details of the experiment, from design of the spacecraft to the final data analysis, thus bringing to a close an extraordinary chapter in experimental gravitation.
As already known, the satellite Gravity Probe B orbiting at the altitude 400 miles (642 km) above the Earth or in the exosphere; they measuring geodetic effect and frame dragging in the atmospheric medium of Earth. If Gravity Probe B had succeeded in measuring, it means Gravity Probe B had proven that spacetime is the same with atmospheric medium.
Professor Brian Koberlein wrote in Medium: “ In 2011 a spacecraft known as Gravity Probe B successfully observed this effect due to the Earth.”(The Strangest Theory We Know Is True. After 99 years, Einstein’s greatest scientific achievement is undefeated).
If that is true, then the consequence is the acknowledgment that spacetime = atmospheric medium. But, that is become a puzzle or deviate from each other. On one side, it says that test of general relativity succeeded. On the other hand, it proven that spacetime is the same with atmospheric medium; and this means general relativity is wrong.
If it says test of general relativity succeeded, this is very interesting, because it will cause many other logical consequences.
What are the other consequences?
First, if there are no spacetime but atmospheric medium, then there are no black holes. In this case, Stephen Hawking was correct as he states in Nature ‘There are no black holes’
Most physicists foolhardy enough to write a paper claiming that “there are no black holes” — at least not in the sense we usually imagine — would probably be dismissed as cranks. But when the call to redefine these cosmic crunchers comes from Stephen Hawking, it’s worth taking notice. In a paper posted online, the physicist, based at the University of Cambridge, UK, and one of the creators of modern black-hole theory, does away with the notion of an event horizon, the invisible boundary thought to shroud every black hole, beyond which nothing, not even light, can escape.
“There is no escape from a black hole in classical theory,” Hawking told Nature. Quantum theory, however, “enables energy and information to escape from a black hole”. A full explanation of the process, the physicist admits, would require a theory that successfully merges gravity with the other fundamental forces of nature. But that is a goal that has eluded physicists for nearly a century. “The correct treatment,” Hawking says, “remain a mystery”
This is not a photo of a black hole. This is an artist’s depiction of how matter might be ripped and radiate energy as it orbits the black hole’s high-gravity center.
STEPHEN HAWKING: ‘BLACK HOLES AIN’T AS BLACK AS THEY WERE PAINTED’.This has been an outstanding problem in theoretical physics for the last 40 years,” Hawking told a much smaller audience of top physicists at the conference, organized by University of North Carolina physicist Laura Mersini-Houghton and dedicated to tackling this paradox. As of yet, Hawking said, “no satisfactory resolution has been advanced.”
At the core of the information paradox is the tension between two theories of nature, which are “perhaps the two most successful theories in the history of science,” says Dan Hooper, a theoretical astrophysicist at Fermilab.
On one hand is general relativity, which says that anything that enters a black hole is lost in the immense power of its gravity and that a black hole eventually destroys any information — location, velocity and orientation, for example — about what it has swallowed up, including the star that birthed the black hole. On the other hand stands the theory of quantum mechanics, which says that information can never be lost.(Stephen Hawking-Black Holes ).
This is not a photo of a black hole. This is, again, an artist’s depiction of matter orbiting and being torn apart by a black hole’s gravity.
Black Holes. Black holes may be heard but not seen. As the death state of a star, black holes emit no light. They are dark against the dark sky. But like mallets on a drum, black holes can ring out a song on space itself in the form of gravitational waves. Monumental Earth-based detectors such as LIGO and the planned space-based mission LISA aim to record the songs from space for the first time thereby turning up the volume on the soundtrack to the Universe.
There is no sound in empty space. But when the gravitational waves hit the Earth, detectors in the next few years will measure the stretching and shrinking of space and will be able to amplify the result as sound. (Janna Levin’s science)
Black holes do NOT exist and the Big Bang Theory is wrong, claims scientist — and she has the maths to prove it. Scientist claims she has mathematical proof black holes cannot exist. Professor Laura Mercini-Houghton said she is still in ‘shock’ from the find
“Louise de Broglie, a French physicist and Nobel laureate, quoted Einstein as observing “that all physical theories, their mathematical expressions apart, ought to lend themselves to so simple a description ‘that even a child could understand”-A brief history of black_hole.
SCIENTISTS HAVE PEERED INTO A BLACK HOLE AND TAKEN A PHOTO OF ITS EVENT HORIZON FOR THE VERY FIRST TIME. From the initial image returned, scientists should be able to test relativity. “If you know the mass of the black hole — and for Sagittarius A* we know that well — and if you know the distance of the black hole, which again we know well, then relativity predicts you will see that shadow and ring and that the ring will have a certain diameter and it will be near circular. That’s a test of relativity. If the shape isn’t circular or the wrong size, then relativity has made a prediction that has failed. That’s the first thing we’ll look at.” (Event Horizon Telescope)
Second, if there are no spacetime but atmospheric medium, then we need the new physics ……….
Our minds tell us that some things in the universe must be true. The New Physics tells us that they are not, and in the process, blurs the line between science and science fiction. (Paperback:The Future of Spacetime).
